1 When you sit to eat with a ruler, Consider diligently what is before you;
2 Put a knife to your throat, If you are a man given to appetite.
3 Don't be desirous of his dainties, Seeing they are deceitful food.
4 Don't weary yourself to be rich. In your wisdom, show restraint.
5 Why do you set your eyes on that which is not? For it certainly sprouts wings like an eagle and flies in the sky.
6 Don't eat the food of him who has a stingy eye, And don't crave his delicacies:
7 For as he thinks about the cost, so he is. "Eat and drink!" he says to you, But his heart is not with you.
8 The morsel which you have eaten you shall vomit up, And lose your good words.
9 Don't speak in the ears of a fool, For he will despise the wisdom of your words.
10 Don't move the ancient boundary stone. Don't encroach on the fields of the fatherless:
11 For their Defender is strong. He will plead their case against you.
12 Apply your heart to instruction, And your ears to the words of knowledge.
13 Don't withhold correction from a child. If you punish him with the rod, he will not die.
14 Punish him with the rod, And save his soul from Sheol.
15 My son, if your heart is wise, Then my heart will be glad, even mine:
16 Yes, my heart will rejoice, When your lips speak what is right.
17 Don't let your heart envy sinners; But rather fear Yahweh all the day long.
18 Indeed surely there is a future hope, And your hope will not be cut off.
19 Listen, my son, and be wise, And keep your heart on the right path!
20 Don't be among ones drinking too much wine, Or those who gorge themselves on meat:
21 For the drunkard and the glutton shall become poor; And drowsiness clothes them in rags.
22 Listen to your father who gave you life, And don't despise your mother when she is old.
23 Buy the truth, and don't sell it: Get wisdom, discipline, and understanding.
24 The father of the righteous has great joy. Whoever fathers a wise child delights in him.
25 Let your father and your mother be glad! Let her who bore you rejoice!
26 My son, give me your heart; And let your eyes keep in my ways.
27 For a prostitute is a deep pit; And a wayward wife is a narrow well.
28 Yes, she lies in wait like a robber, And increases the unfaithful among men.
29 Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has strife? Who has complaints? Who has needless bruises? Who has bloodshot eyes?
30 Those who stay long at the wine; Those who go to seek out mixed wine.
31 Don't look at the wine when it is red, When it sparkles in the cup, When it goes down smoothly:
32 In the end, it bites like a snake, And poisons like a viper.
33 Your eyes will see strange things, And your mind will imagine confusing things.
34 Yes, you will be as he who lies down in the midst of the sea, Or as he who lies on top of the rigging:
35 "They hit me, and I was not hurt; They beat me, and I don't feel it! When will I wake up? I can do it again. I can find another."
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible » Commentary on Proverbs 23
Commentary on Proverbs 23 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
CHAPTER 23
Pr 23:1-35.
1. Avoid the dangers of gluttony.
2. put a knife—an Eastern figure for putting restraint on the appetite.
3. are deceitful meat—though well tasted, injurious.
4, 5. (Compare 1Ti 6:9, 10).
thine own wisdom—which regards riches intrinsically as a blessing.
5. Wilt … eyes—As the eyes fly after or seek riches, they are not, that is, either become transitory or unsatisfying; fully expressed by their flying away.
6-8. Beware of deceitful men, whose courtesies even you will repent of having accepted.
evil eye—or purpose (Pr 22:9; De 15:9; Mt 6:23).
8. The morsel … words—that is, disgusted with his true character, all pleasant intercourse will be destroyed.
9. (Compare Pr 9:8). "Cast not your pearls before swine" (Mt 7:6).
10, 11. (Compare Pr 22:22, 23).
11. redeemer—or avenger (Le 25:25, 26; Nu 35:12), hence advocate (Job 19:25).
plead … thee—(Compare Job 31:21; Ps 35:1; 68:5).
12. Here begins another series of precepts.
13, 14. While there is little danger that the use of the "divine ordinance of the rod" will produce bodily harm, there is great hope of spiritual good.
15, 16. The pleasure afforded the teacher by the pupil's progress is a motive to diligence.
16. my reins—(Compare Ps 7:9).
17, 18. (Compare Margin). The prosperity of the wicked is short.
18. an end—or, "hereafter," another time, when apparent inequalities shall be adjusted (compare Ps 37:28-38).
19-21. guide … way—or direct thy thoughts to a right course of conduct (compare Pr 4:4; 9:6).
20. riotous … flesh—prodigal, or eating more than necessary. Instead of "their flesh" (compare Margin), better, "flesh to them," that is, used for pleasure.
21. drowsiness—the dreamy sleep of the slothful.
22. Hearken—that is, obey (Pr 1:8; Eph 6:1).
despise … old—Adults revere the parents whom, as children, they once obeyed.
23. Buy—literally, "get" (Pr 4:5).
truth—generally and specially as opposed to errors of all kinds.
24, 25. (Compare Pr 10:1; 17:21, 25).
26-35. A solemn warning against whoredom and drunkenness (Ho 4:11).
give me—This is the address of that divine wisdom so often presented (Pr 8:1; 9:3, &c.).
heart—confidence.
observe—keep.
my ways—such as I teach you (Pr 3:17; 9:6).
27, 28. deep ditch—a narrow pit, out of which it is hard to climb.
lieth in wait—to ensnare men into the pit, as hunters entrap game (compare Pr 22:14).
28. increaseth … transgressors—(Pr 5:8-10). The vice alluded to is peculiarly hardening to the heart.
29, 30. This picture is often sadly realized now.
mixed wine—(Compare Pr 9:2; Isa 5:11).
31. when … red—the color denoting greater strength (compare Ge 49:11; De 32:14).
giveth … cup—literally, "gives its eye," that is, sparkles.
moveth … aright—Perhaps its foaming is meant.
32. The acute miseries resulting from drunkenness contrasted with the temptations.
33, 34. The moral effects: it inflames passion (Ge 19:31, 35), lays open the heart, produces insensibility to the greatest dangers, and debars from reformation, under the severest sufferings.
35. awake—that is, from drunkenness (Ge 9:24). This is the language rather of acts than of the tongue.